Instinct. vs. Human Intuition: What AI can Contribute

Posted by Peter Rudin on 7. February 2025 in Essay

AI + Human Intuition        Credit:shaip.com

Introduction

Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming various business and scientific disciplines, offering solutions that were previously unimaginable. One of the often-overlooked advantages of AI is its complete detachment from human instincts, particularly the primal drives that have historically governed human behaviour. Human actions are deeply influenced by desires and needs that are rooted in millions of years of evolutionary biology. These include not only basic survival instincts but also the more complex and often disruptive forces of sexuality, ambition and the pursuit of social recognition. Where human intellect is frequently caught in a conflict between rational decision-making and subconscious impulses, AI operates without such internal limitations. This fact raises important issues. How might AI’s freedom from instinctual distractions benefit humanity, particularly in areas that demand sustained focus and objectivity? And conversely, could the absence of these instincts limit AI’s capacity for creativity, empathy, or ethical reasoning?

Definition of Instinct

One can think of an instinct as a hardwired, automatic response that is deeply rooted in our biology. Just as newly hatched turtles will automatically make their way toward the ocean or spiders weave webs to catch their prey. These are innate, automatic and  instinctive behaviours that have helped humans to survive for thousands of years. One example of such behaviour is the human tendency to play. From early age on, infants naturally interact with things and the individuals around them, because it is inherently fun and rewarding. This is not a learned behaviour, but rather an innate drive that supports the acquisition of skills and the connection with the environment that is crucial for human development. Instincts are the reason why one quickly pulls back one’s hand without conscious thought if one accidentally touches something hot like a stove. Another example is why babies pucker up their faces when they taste something sour like a lemon. While this fruit is perfectly safe for them to consume, these acidic tastes are commonly found in poisonous foods. Hence, the facial expression is a rejection response that is coded into our DNA to keep us safe from environmental dangers. Unlike intuition, instincts are not flexible, and they do not adapt and change with our environment. As the environment changes instincts remain the same.

Definition of Intuition

While instinct is an inborn capacity for survival, intuition is learned. It represents the combination of all the life experience and knowledge one has accumulated and the conversations you have had in meeting the challenge of learning. It covers the timespan when one has been right about things to confirm a hypothesis, as well as the times one has been wrong about things, demanding to recalibrate one’s initial assumptions. Often, this process takes place on a subconscious level. You might feel it as a nervous sensation in your stomach or just a general feeling that something is wrong. It may feel as though this  inner response has come out of nowhere, but it is the sum of what your brain has learned since childhood. Intuition can be regarded as our inner voice or our sixth sense. It is  the quiet, confident inner wisdom that guides us, often in stark contrast to our more primal gut instinct. This intuitive ability does not demand urgency.  Instead, it relies on a sense of knowing that emanates from deep within, nurtured by one’s personal experiences and our emotional intelligence. Intuition connects us to a cognitive process that transcends logical thinking, tapping into the profound power of intuition and the knowledge embedded in our subconscious. This emotional intelligence often leads us to make better decisions, marrying rational thought with a deeper understanding of our behaviour.

Historic Overview

The interplay between human cognition and biological instincts has been a subject of fascination for centuries. Philosophers from Plato to Freud have debated the extent to which human behaviour is governed by reason versus primal drives. Freud, in particular, emphasized the centrality of sexual instincts in shaping human personality, arguing that these subconscious impulses often conflict with social norms and rational thought. In contrast, contemporary studies in cognitive neuroscience suggest that while instincts are vital for survival, they can also act as barriers to clear, rational thinking, especially in emotionally charged scenarios. The modern study of instinct began in the 1930s with the emergence of ethology. Ethology is a subdiscipline of zoology devoted to understanding behaviour in its natural context. One of the founders of ethology, Konrad Lorenz, popularized this new discipline for the general public with his many famous images of ducklings walking behind the bearded Austrian as if he were their mother. Lorenz aimed to do for behaviour what Charles Darwin’s evolutionary insights did for survival. In an article written for the  Scientific American in 1958, Lorenz begins with a familiar discussion about the evolution of forelimbs: “A whale’s flipper, a bat’s wing and a man’s arm are as different from one another in outward appearance as they are in the functions they serve. But the bones of these structures reveal an essential similarity of design. The zoologist concludes that whale, bat and man evolved from a common ancestor”. AI, however, is not bound by these biological imperatives. Its decision-making processes are not influenced by the complex interplay of hormones, emotions or the need for social acceptance. This provides AI with a unique capacity for objectivity and consistency, which can be harnessed in fields where human biases and emotional reactions may distort outcomes.

Future Outlook

Current AI cannot recognize feelings, and it does not get impulses from our gut reaction. In contrast it processes data a billion times faster than our brains ever could. Humans and AI are wired completely differently; however, both are shaping the future in ways we are unable to fully understand yet. The question is how this relates to a world driven by human instinct. Although we focus on the big five senses such as sight, sound, taste, smell and touch, humans are collecting bundles of sensory information. According to an article titled  ‘State of AI Agents in 2025’ published by Medium,  we tend to register subtle cues that our brain processes without us even realizing. Tiny facial expressions, the tone of someone’s voice or the way a room appears to us when we enter it. In contrast AI has no feelings and no gut instincts. Instead, AI is capable of collecting huge amounts of data points in real-time and to find the optimal solution to a given problem or a decision to be made . Consider the technology of self-driving cars, for example. While one is debating whether that shadow on the road is a stray cat or just leaves, an AI-powered car has already scanned the object, identified it, and decided how to react. However, new research indicates that intuition and AI are not as different as they seem. Both rely on pattern recognition, just in very different ways. One’s intuition is shaped by every life experience, every time one has been burned by touching a hot stove, for example. In contrast, AI is trained on huge amounts of data, typically  scraped from the internet, public libraries, social media posts and online purchases. Based on these patterns, AI can predict the future with scary accuracy. Nevertheless, reality shows again and again that humans are emotional creatures who rather trust their instincts even when the facts say otherwise. AI is pure logic, immune to the fear, love, and chaos that make us human. This view raises the question as to what happens when we start merging these two approaches? Can AI become a ‘sixth sense’ for humans, replacing intuition altogether? Regardless of one’s personal judgement, we are confronted with the fact that our knowledge is limited. Hence, it might make a lot of sense to merge the intuitive capacity of humans with the processing power of intelligent machines.

Conclusion

Regardless of how advanced AI will develop in the future, it will always lack the emotional, spiritual and moral depth that defines humanity. Empathy will empower individual’s capacity to communicate, creativity will spark innovation while ethics provides the guidelines for responsible AI. Every decision we make today about the design of AI determines the kind of world  the next generation will be confronted with. Only the future will tell how successful humanity has handled the challenge to integrate human behaviour with machine intelligence.

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